Ядерна фізика та енергетика Nuclear Physics and Atomic Energy   ISSN: 1818-331X (Print), 2074-0565 (Online)   Publisher: Institute for Nuclear Research of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine   Languages: Ukrainian, English   Periodicity: 4 times per year   Open access peer reviewed journal

Full text (en)

N. F. Soliman¹, A. Sroor², L. S. Ashmawy¹, N. Walley El-Dine², T. El Mohamed<sup>2

1</sup>Reactor Physics Department, Atomic Reactor Division, Nuclear Research Center, Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt
²Nuclear Physics Laboratory, Faculty of Girl for Art, Science and Education, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, Egypt

Abstract: Neutron activation analysis (NAA) using the Second Egyptian Research Reactor (ETRR-2) has been utilized to analyze whole blood samples. The National Cancer Institute of Egypt provided us with 18 blood samples (11 breast, 2 prostate, 2 colon, 1 pancreatic, 1 ovarian) and a random sample of normal person to estimate the concentration values of Sodium, Aluminium, Potassium, Manganese, Magnesium, Bromine, Chlorine. The pneumatic irradiation rabbit system (PIRS) built in the vertical thermal column of the ETRR-2 reactor is used for short time irradiation at constant power. Elemental concentrations were estimated from measurements of the gamma-ray spectra of the product short lived isotopes in the samples. The calculated thermal to epithermal neutron flux ratio was found to be 196 at irradiation position. The tabulated concentrations were calculated by using k₀-neutron activation analysis (k₀NAA) standardization method.

Keywords: whole blood, k₀-standardization, neutron activation analysis, cancer.

1. Kovacs L., Zamboni C. B., Olivira L. C. et al. Analysis of serum and whole blood using NAA for clinical investigation. Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry 278 (2008) 543. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10967-008-1002-2

2. Aguiar R. O., Zamboni C. B., de Medeiros J. A. G. Trace element at whole blood of golden hamster using semiparametric NAA technique. Intern. Nuclear Atlantic conf. (INAC) (Barazile, 2007).

3. Siddiqui M. K. J., Jyoti, Singh S., Mehrotra P. K. et al. Comparison of some trace elements concentration in blood, tumor free breast and tumor tissues of women with benign and malignant breast lesions: An Indian study. Environment International 32 (2006) 630. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2006.02.002

4. Hasegawa T., Inagaki K., Hiroki M. Multielement Correlation Analysis of Major-to-Trace Elements in Human Blood Serum for Medical Diagnosis as Studied by ICP-AES and ICP-MS. Analytical Sciences 17 (2001) i979. https://doi.org/10.14891/analscisp.17icas.0.i979.0

5. Liu Tang-Kue, Liu Shin-Hwa, Chang Chia-Hsieh, Yang Rong-Sen. Concentration of Metal Elements in the Blood and Urine in the Patients with Cementless Total Knee Arthroplasty. Tohoku J. Exp. Med. 185 (1998) 253. https://doi.org/10.1620/tjem.185.253

6. Ghany Abd El, Soliman N. F., Eissa E. A. Anomaly in determining α and f for k₀ standardization in NAA with highly thermalized neutrons: A simple k₀ approach. Arab Journal of Nuclear Sciences and Application 42(1) (2009).

7. Dlanne D., James L. Analysis of whole blood by neutron activation: a search for a biochemical indicator of neoplasia. Clin. Chem. 22 (1976) 1361. https://doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/22.8.1361

8. 0003-2700/81/0353-1398501.25/0 American chemical society (1981).

9. Reich Gregor, Huber Josef F. K. Determination of Cu, Fe, Mn and Zn in blood fractions by SEC-HPLC-ICPAES Coupling. Analyst 124 (1999) 657. https://doi.org/10.1039/a809688k

10. Besteman A. D., Bryan G. K., Lau N., Einefordner J. D. E. Microchem. J. 61 (1999) 240. https://doi.org/10.1006/mchj.1999.1705